Checked bag lost, damaged, or delayed on an international flight

Applies under: montreal-1999

On international flights, the Montreal Convention makes the airline liable for your proven loss up to about 1,519 SDR (roughly EUR 1,800) per passenger.

Your rights

You are compensated for the proven value of what you lost, up to roughly 1,519 SDR. Keep all receipts; the airline can require proof of value. A higher limit applies only if you made a special declaration of value at check-in. Strict written-complaint deadlines apply.

When this applies

International carriage between two countries that are party to the Montreal Convention. Liability is a cap on proven loss, not a fixed payout. Domestic flights are governed by national law instead.

Step by step

  1. File a Property Irregularity Report before leaving the airport
    Report the loss, delay, or damage at the airline's baggage desk and keep the PIR reference number.
    Keep: baggage tag, Property Irregularity Report (PIR), boarding pass
  2. Send a written complaint within the deadline
    For damaged baggage you have 7 days from receipt; for delayed baggage 21 days from when it was returned. Missing the deadline can bar your claim.
    Time limit: 7 days (damage) / 21 days (delay)
  3. Itemize your losses with receipts
    List the contents and their value, attach receipts where you have them, and claim up to the Montreal limit.

Common airline pushback

Our conditions of carriage cap your bag at a lower amount.

The Montreal Convention limit overrides a lower contractual cap; the airline cannot contract below the treaty minimum.

Legal basis: Article 22(2) montreal-1999

If the airline refuses

  1. The airline directly · within 6 weeks
  2. National regulator
  3. Small-claims court
    Action must be brought within 2 years of arrival (Article 35).

Typical outcomes

Compensation range100–1800 EUR
Success rate70%
Time to resolutionmedian 45 days · 90th pct 180 days

Check what you are owed →

Related scenarios

Verified by 3 contributors · updated 2026-05-26 · confidence 88% · how we verify

This is information, not legal advice.